Emva kovavanyo lomkhuhlane wehagu wase-Afrika kunye nesibetho seenkumbi zaseMpuma Afrika, ubhubhani omtsha we-pneumonia olandelayo ukhulisa amaxabiso okutya ehlabathi kunye nengxaki yokubonelela, kwaye inokukhuthaza utshintsho olusisigxina kwikhonkco lokubonelela.
Ukwanda kweziganeko zabasebenzi ezibangelwa yinyumoniya entsha yesithsaba, ukuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lokubonelela kunye namanyathelo okuvala uqoqosho kuya kuba nefuthe elibi kubonelelo lokutya kwihlabathi.Izenzo zabanye oorhulumente zokuthintela ukuthunyelwa kwengqolowa kumazwe angaphandle ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yangaphakathi zisenokwenza imeko ibe mandundu.
Kwisemina ekwi-Intanethi eququzelelwe yiGlobalization Think Tank (CCG), uMatthew Kovac, umlawuli olawulayo woMbutho woShishino lokutya waseAsia (FIA), uxelele intatheli evela eChina Business News ukuba ingxaki yexesha elifutshane yokubonelela abathengi. imikhwa.Olu tshintsho lube nefuthe kushishino lokutya oluqhelekileyo;ekuhambeni kwexesha, iinkampani ezinkulu zokutya zinokuqhuba imveliso enamagunya.
Awona mazwe ahlwempuzekileyo athwaxwa kakhulu
Ngokwedatha ekhutshwe kutshanje yiBhanki yeHlabathi, amazwe angama-50 achaphazeleka kakhulu sisibetho esitsha senyumoniya abangela umyinge wama-66% obonelelo lokutya okuthunyelwa ngaphandle elizweni.Isabelo sisuka kwi-38% yezityalo zokuzilibazisa ezifana necuba ukuya kwi-75% yezilwanyana kunye nemifuno yeoli, iziqhamo ezintsha kunye nenyama.Ukuthengiswa kokutya okuphambili okufana nombona, ingqolowa kunye nerayisi kuxhomekeke kakhulu kula mazwe.
Amazwe avelisa isityalo esinye ajongene nefuthe elibi kulo bhubhani.Umzekelo, iBelgium yenye yamazwe athengisa iitapile kumazwe angaphandle.Ngenxa ye-blockade, iBelgium ayizange ilahlekelwe yintengiso kuphela ngenxa yokuvalwa kweendawo zokutyela zasekhaya, kodwa ukuthengisa kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu kuye kwamiswa ngenxa yokuvalwa.IGhana lelinye lawona mazwe athumela icocoa kumazwe angaphandle.Xa abantu begxile ekuthengeni izinto eziyimfuneko endaweni yetshokholethi ngexesha lobhubhani, ilizwe laphulukana nazo zonke iimarike zaseYurophu naseAsia.
Usoqoqosho ophezulu weBhanki yeHlabathi uMichele Ruta kunye nabanye bathi kwingxelo ukuba ukugula kwabasebenzi kunye nemfuno ngexesha lokutsalwa kwezentlalo kuya kuchaphazela ngokulinganayo unikezelo lweemveliso zezolimo ezisebenza nzima, emva koko ibe nye emva kokuqhambuka kwekota. zingancitshiswa nge-6% ukuya kwi-20%, kwaye unikezelo lwangaphandle kokutya okungundoqo okuninzi okubalulekileyo, kubandakanywa irayisi, ingqolowa kunye neetapile, kungehla ngaphezu kwe-15%.
Ngokohlolo lwe-European Union University Institute (EUI), iGlobal Trade Alert (GTA) kunye neBhanki yeHlabathi, ukusuka ekupheleni kuka-Epreli, amazwe angaphezu kwama-20 kunye nemimandla abeke uhlobo oluthile lwezithintelo ekuthengiseni ukutya ngaphandle.Ngokomzekelo, iRashiya neKazakhstan zibeke imiqathango ehambelanayo yokuthumela ngaphandle ukutya okuziinkozo, kwaye iIndiya neVietnam ziye zabeka imiqathango ehambelanayo yokuthumela ngaphandle kwerayisi.Kwangaxeshanye, amanye amazwe akhawulezisa ukungenisa ukutya kwamanye amazwe ukuze agcine ukutya.Ngokomzekelo, iiPhilippines zigcina irayisi kwaye iYiputa ibeka ingqolowa.
Njengoko amaxabiso okutya enyuka ngenxa yempembelelo yesibetho esitsha senyumoniya, urhulumente unokutyekela ekusebenziseni imigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo ukuzinzisa amaxabiso asekhaya.Olu hlobo lokhuseleko lokutya lubonakala luyindlela elungileyo yokubonelela ngesiqabu kuwona maqela asemngciphekweni, kodwa ukuphunyezwa ngaxeshanye kokungenelela okunjalo ngoorhulumente abaninzi kunokubangela ukuba amaxabiso okutya ehlabathi anyuke, njengoko kwakunjalo ngo-2010-2011.Ngokoqikelelo olwenziwa yiBhanki yeHlabathi, kwikota elandela ukuqhambuka ngokupheleleyo kolu bhubhani, ukunyuka kwezithintelo zokuthumela ngaphandle kuya kukhokelela ekwehleni komndilili wokuhanjiswa kokutya kumazwe angaphandle nge-40.1%, ngelixa amaxabiso okutya ehlabathi eza kunyuka ngomyinge we-12.9 %.Amaxabiso amakhulu eentlanzi, i-oats, imifuno kunye nengqolowa aya kunyuka nge-25% okanye ngaphezulu.
Ezi ziphumo zibi ziya kuthwalwa ikakhulu ngamazwe ahlwempuzekileyo.Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwiForam yoQoqosho lweHlabathi, kumazwe ahlwempuzekileyo, i-akhawunti yokutya i-40% -60% yokusetyenziswa kwayo, malunga namaxesha angama-5-6 kuqoqosho oluphambili.I-Nomura Securities' Food Vulnerability Index ibeka amazwe ali-110 kunye nemimandla esekwe kumngcipheko wokuguquguquka okukhulu kwamaxabiso okutya.Idatha yamva nje ibonisa ukuba phantse onke amazwe angama-50 kunye nemimandla esemngciphekweni wokunyuka okuzinzileyo kwamaxabiso okutya Uqoqosho oluphuhlayo olubalelwa phantse kwisithathu kwisihlanu sabemi behlabathi.Phakathi kwabo, amazwe achaphazelekayo axhomekeke ekuthengeni ukutya kwamanye amazwe aquka iTajikistan, iAzerbaijan, iYiputa, iYemen kunye neCuba.Umyinge wamaxabiso okutya kula mazwe uza kunyuka nge-15% ukuya kuma-25.9%.Ngokuphathelele kwiisiriyeli, izinga lokunyuka kwamaxabiso kumazwe asaphuhlayo kunye namazwe angaphuhliswanga kangako axhomekeke ekuthengisweni kokutya kwamanye amazwe liya kuba phezulu ukuya kuma-35.7%.
“Zininzi izinto ezibangela umngeni kwinkqubo yokutya yehlabathi.Ukongeza kulo bhubhani wangoku, kukwakho nokutshintsha kwemozulu nezinye izizathu.Ndicinga ukuba kubalulekile ukwamkela indibaniselwano eyahlukeneyo yemigaqo-nkqubo xa ujongene nalo mngeni.”UMlawuli weZiko loPhando loMgaqo-nkqubo woKutya wamazwe ngamazwe uJohan Swinnen uxelele iintatheli ze-CBN ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kumthombo omnye wokuthenga.“Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba ufumana kuphela isixa esikhulu sokutya okusisiseko kwilizwe elinye, esi sixokelelwano sobonelelo kunye nokuhanjiswa kusesichengeni soyikiso.Ke ngoko, sisicwangciso esingcono sokwakha ipotifoliyo yotyalo-mali ukusuka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo."Uthe.
Indlela yokwahluka ikhonkco lonikezelo
Ngo-Epreli, iindawo zokuxhela ezininzi e-US apho abasebenzi babeqinisekisile amatyala kwanyanzeleka ukuba bavale.Ukongeza kwimpembelelo ethe ngqo yokucuthwa kwenyama yehagu ngama-25%.Ingxelo yamva nje “yeNgxelo yoBonelelo lwezoLimo kunye neDemand Forecast” yamva nje ekhutshwe liSebe lezoLimo laseMelika ibonisa ukuba isixa sesondlo esisetyenziswe ngo-2019-2020 sinokubalelwa malunga ne-46% yemfuno yombona yasekhaya e-United States.
“Ukuvalwa komzi-mveliso okubangelwa ngubhubhani omtsha wenyumoniya ngumngeni omkhulu.Ukuba ivaliwe nje iintsuku ezimbalwa, umzi-mveliso unokulawula ilahleko yawo.Nangona kunjalo, ukunqunyanyiswa kwexesha elide kwemveliso akwenzi nje ukuba iiprosesa zisebenze, kodwa kwenza nababoneleli bazo babe sisidubedube. ”Uthe uChristine McCracken, umhlalutyi ophezulu kwishishini leprotheyini yezilwanyana eRabobank.
Ukuqhambuka kwenyumoniya ngesiquphe kuye kwaba nothotho lweziphumo ezintsonkothileyo kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngokutya kwihlabathi jikelele.Ukusuka ekusebenzeni kweefektri zenyama e-United States ukuya ekuvuneni iziqhamo nemifuno eIndiya, izithintelo zokuhamba ezinqumla imida nazo ziphazamise umjikelo oqhelekileyo wemveliso wamaxesha onyaka wamafama.Ngokutsho kweThe Economist, iUnited States neYurophu zifuna abasebenzi abangaphezu kwesigidi abasuka eMexico, kuMntla Afrika nakwiMpuma Yurophu nyaka ngamnye ukuze bakwazi ukusingatha umsebenzi wokuvuna, kodwa ngoku ingxaki yokunqongophala kwabasebenzi iya icaca ngakumbi.
Njengoko kuya kuba nzima ukuba iimveliso zezolimo zithuthwe zisiwe kwizityalo ezilungisayo kunye neemarike, inani elikhulu leefama kufuneka zilahle okanye zitshabalalise ubisi nokutya okutsha okungenakuthunyelwa kwizityalo ezilungisayo.I-Agricultural Products Marketing Association (PMA), iqela labarhwebi kwimizi-mveliso yaseUnited States, yathi kuye kwamoshwa ngaphezu kweebhiliyoni ezi-5 zeerandi kwiziqhamo nemifuno emitsha, yaye eminye imizi-mveliso yobisi iye yalahla amawaka eelitha zobisi.
Enye yeenkampani ezinkulu zokutya neziselo kwihlabathi, usekela mongameli we-Unilever R&D uCarla Hilhorst, uxelele iintatheli ze-CBN ukuba ikhonkco lokubonelela kufuneka libonise ubuninzi.
"Kuza kufuneka sikhuthaze ubuninzi kunye nokwahluka, kuba ngoku ukusebenzisa kwethu kunye nemveliso kuxhomekeke kukhetho olulinganiselweyo."USilhorst uthe, “Kuzo zonke izinto zethu ezikrwada, ngaba sinye kuphela isiseko semveliso?, Bangaphi ababoneleli abakhoyo, ziphi izinto eziveliswayo eziveliswayo, kwaye ngaba apho izinto eziphathekayo ziveliswa kumngcipheko ophezulu?Ukuqala kule miba, kusafuneka senze umsebenzi omninzi.”
U-Kovac uxelele iintatheli ze-CBN ukuba kwixeshana elifutshane, ukulungiswa kwakhona kwekhonkco lokubonelela ngokutya ngubhubhani omtsha we-pneumonia kubonakala kutshintsho olukhawulezileyo ekuhanjisweni kokutya kwi-intanethi, okuthe kwachaphazela kakhulu imveliso yemveli yokutya kunye nesiselo.
Umzekelo, ukuthengiswa kohlobo lokutya okukhawulezayo kweMcDonald's eYurophu kwehle malunga ne-70%, abathengisi abakhulu baye baphinda basasaza i-e-commerce, umthamo wokubonelela ngegrosari we-Amazon wonyuke nge-60%, kwaye i-Wal-Mart yonyusa ukuqeshwa kwayo nge-150,000.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, uKovac wathi: “Amashishini anokufuna imveliso eyongezelelekileyo kwixesha elizayo.Ishishini elikhulu elinemizi-mveliso emininzi linokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwalo okukhethekileyo kumzi-mveliso othile.Ukuba imveliso yakho igxile kwiLizwe elinye, unokucinga ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, njengababoneleli abatyebileyo okanye abathengi. ”
“Ndikholelwa ukuba isantya sokwenza iinkampani ezilungisa ukutya ezizimisele ukutyala imali siza kukhawulezisa.Ngokucacileyo, ukunyuka kotyalo-mali ngeli xesha kuya kuba nefuthe ekusebenzeni, kodwa ndicinga ukuba ukhangele emva kwi-2008 (ubonelelo olubangelwa yizithintelo zokuthengiswa kokutya kwamanye amazwe) Kwimeko yobunzima), ezo nkampani zokutya kunye neziselo bazimisele ukutyala imali kufuneka babone ukukhula kweentengiso, okanye ubuncinci ngakumbi kuneenkampani ezingatyali mali. ”U-Kovac uxelele intatheli ye-CBN.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-06-2021